创建NAT网关 - 专有网络 VPC

本文介绍如何使用Alibaba Cloud SDK for Python创建NAT网关。

前提条件

在使用Alibaba Cloud SDK for Python前，您需要完成以下准备工作：

您需要一个阿里云账号和访问密钥（AccessKey）。请在阿里云控制台中的AccessKey管理页面上创建和查看您的AccessKey。
确保您已经安装了Alibaba Cloud SDK for Python，请参见aliyun-python-sdk-vpc 3.0.12。
下载阿里云专有网络Python SDK场景示例的VPC Python Example库。
进入setup.py所在的目录，执行以下命令，完成环境初始化配置。
```
python setup.py install
```

背景信息

本文代码示例中包含以下操作：

在华东2（上海）地域创建一个VPC。
在新建的VPC下创建一个vSwitch。
在新建的VPC下创建一个NAT网关。
查询新创建的NAT网关。
删除NAT网关。
删除vSwitch。
删除VPC。

操作步骤

在下载的SDK目录中，打开aliyun-openapi-python-sdk-examples\sdk_examples\examples\natgw文件夹。

使用编辑器打开natgw_quick_start.py文件，根据实际情况配置相关参数，保存退出。

完整代码示例如下：

#encoding=utf-8
import sys
import json
import time

from aliyunsdkcore.acs_exception.exceptions import ServerException, ClientException
from aliyunsdkvpc.request.v20160428 import CreateNatGatewayRequest
from aliyunsdkvpc.request.v20160428 import DeleteNatGatewayRequest
from aliyunsdkvpc.request.v20160428 import DescribeNatGatewaysRequest
from sdk_lib.sdk_vpc import Vpc
from sdk_lib.sdk_vswitch import VSwitch
from sdk_lib.common_util import CommonUtil
from sdk_lib.check_status import CheckStatus
from sdk_lib.exception import ExceptionHandler
from sdk_lib.consts import *

client = AcsClient(
         '<your-access-key-id>',     # 您的AccessKey ID
         '<your-access-key-secret>', # 您的AccessKey Secret
         '<your-region-id>')         # 您的地域ID


class NatGateway(object):
    def __init__(self, client):
        self.client = client

    def create_nat_gateway(self, params):
        """
        create_nat_gateway: 创建nat gateway
        """
        try:
            request = CreateNatGatewayRequest.CreateNatGatewayRequest()
            request.set_VpcId(params['vpc_id'])
            response = client.do_action_with_exception(request)
            response_json = json.loads(response)
            # 判断Nat Gateway状态是否可用
            if CheckStatus.check_status(TIME_DEFAULT_OUT, DEFAULT_TIME,
                                        self.describe_nat_gateway_status,
                                        AVAILABLE, response_json['NatGatewayId']):
                return response_json
        except ServerException as e:
            ExceptionHandler.server_exception(e)
        except ClientException as e:
            ExceptionHandler.client_exception(e)

    def describe_nat_gateway(self, nat_gateway_id):
        """
        describe_nat_gateway: 查询指定地域已创建的Nat Gateway的信息
        """
        try:
            request = DescribeNatGatewaysRequest.DescribeNatGatewaysRequest()
            request.set_NatGatewayId(nat_gateway_id)
            response = client.do_action_with_exception(request)
            response_json = json.loads(response)
            return response_json
        except ServerException as e:
            ExceptionHandler.server_exception(e)
        except ClientException as e:
            ExceptionHandler.client_exception(e)

    def delete_nat_gateway(self, params):
        """
        delete_nat_gateway: 删除Nat Gateway
        """
        try:
            request = DeleteNatGatewayRequest.DeleteNatGatewayRequest()
            request.set_NatGatewayId(params['nat_gateway_id'])
            response = client.do_action_with_exception(request)
            response_json = json.loads(response)
            # 判断Nat Gateway状态是否可用
            if CheckStatus.check_status(TIME_DEFAULT_OUT, DEFAULT_TIME * 5,
                                        self.describe_nat_gateway_status,
                                        '', params['nat_gateway_id']):
                return response_json
        except ServerException as e:
            ExceptionHandler.server_exception(e)
        except ClientException as e:
            ExceptionHandler.client_exception(e)

    def describe_nat_gateway_status(self, nat_gateway_id):
        """
        describe_nat_gateway_status: 查询指定地域已创建的Nat Gateway的状态
        """
        response = self.describe_nat_gateway(nat_gateway_id)
        if len(response["NatGateways"]["NatGateway"]) == 0:
            return ''
        return response["NatGateways"]["NatGateway"][0]['Status']


def main():
    vpc = Vpc(client)
    vswitch = VSwitch(client)
    nat_gateway = NatGateway(client)

    params = {}

    # 创建VPC
    vpc_json = vpc.create_vpc()
    CommonUtil.log("create_vpc", vpc_json)

    # 创建VSwitch
    params['vpc_id'] = vpc_json['VpcId']
    params['zone_id'] = "cn-shanghai-a"
    params['cidr_block'] = "172.16.1.0/24"
    vswitch_json = vswitch.create_vswitch(params)
    CommonUtil.log("create_vswitch", vswitch_json)

    # 创建Nat Gateway
    nat_gateway_json = nat_gateway.create_nat_gateway(params)
    CommonUtil.log("create_nat_gateway", nat_gateway_json)

    # 查询Nat Gateway
    params['nat_gateway_id'] = nat_gateway_json['NatGatewayId']
    nat_gateway_json = nat_gateway.describe_nat_gateway(params['nat_gateway_id'])
    CommonUtil.log("describe_nat_gateway", nat_gateway_json)

    # 删除Nat Gateway
    nat_gateway_json = nat_gateway.delete_nat_gateway(params)
    CommonUtil.log("delete_nat_gateway", nat_gateway_json)

    # 删除VSwitch
    params['vswitch_id'] = vswitch_json['VSwitchId']
    vswitch_json = vswitch.delete_vswitch(params)
    CommonUtil.log("delete_vswitch", vswitch_json)

    # 删除VPC
    vpc_json = vpc.delete_vpc(params)
    CommonUtil.log("delete_vpc", vpc_json)


if __name__ == "__main__":
    sys.exit(main())

进入natgw_quick_start.py所在的目录，执行如下命令，创建NAT网关。
```
python natgw_quick_start.py
```

执行结果

系统回显结果如下：

---------------------------create_vpc---------------------------
{
  "ResourceGroupId": "rg-acfmxaz****",
  "RouteTableId": "vtb-uf6wzp25d8lkb****",
  "VRouterId": "vrt-uf6di7voecmyq****",
  "VpcId": "vpc-uf63cqupghmk1****",
  "RequestId": "97D36E19-F789-424F-A473-660D63EF8CF9"
}

---------------------------create_vswitch---------------------------
{
  "VSwitchId": "vsw-uf6fovepnk4****",
  "RequestId": "18DA0E81-34A6-4877-9771-E2C4EEEBADD1"
}

---------------------------create_nat_gateway---------------------------
{
  "NatGatewayId": "ngw-uf6mfrcmzktst****",
  "BandwidthPackageIds": {
    "BandwidthPackageId": []
  },
  "ForwardTableIds": {
    "ForwardTableId": [
      "ftb-uf6411str8n9s****"
    ]
  },
  "RequestId": "B1F791C8-73B1-46C5-8A20-726A615BC627",
  "SnatTableIds": {
    "SnatTableId": [
      "stb-uf6t4eijvq3ae****"
    ]
  }
}

---------------------------describe_nat_gateway---------------------------
{
  "TotalCount": 1,
  "PageNumber": 1,
  "RequestId": "1F9303B1-4024-4A92-B67E-FB6BE1DC76D1",
  "PageSize": 10,
  "NatGateways": {
    "NatGateway": [
      {
        "Status": "Available",
        "BandwidthPackageIds": {
          "BandwidthPackageId": []
        },
        "VpcId": "vpc-uf63cqupghmk1****",
        "Description": "",
        "ForwardTableIds": {
          "ForwardTableId": [
            "ftb-uf6411str8n9s****"
          ]
        },
        "IpLists": {
          "IpList": []
        },
        "BusinessStatus": "Normal",
        "RegionId": "cn-shanghai",
        "CreationTime": "2019-04-24T09:09:12Z",
        "NatGatewayId": "ngw-uf6mfrcmzktst****",
        "SnatTableIds": {
          "SnatTableId": [
            "stb-uf6t4eijvq3ae****"
          ]
        },
        "AutoPay": false,
        "InstanceChargeType": "PostPaid",
        "ExpiredTime": "",
        "Spec": "Small",
        "Name": ""
      }
    ]
  }
}

---------------------------delete_nat_gateway---------------------------
{
  "RequestId": "A0B71FE4-4756-4D91-899E-1DFA52D8615E"
}

---------------------------delete_vswitch---------------------------
{
  "RequestId": "F224307E-3DE4-4415-AE19-DDCF24695462"
}

---------------------------delete_vpc---------------------------
{
  "RequestId": "1BFFCBC3-7F83-436C-96E9-CA4A620072DA"
}