本文介绍如何使用Alibaba Cloud SDK for Python将弹性公网IP绑定到负载均衡实例和弹性网卡。
前提条件
在使用Alibaba Cloud SDK for Python前,您需要完成以下准备工作:
- 您需要一个阿里云账号和访问密钥(AccessKey)。 请在阿里云控制台中的AccessKey管理页面上创建和查看您的AccessKey。
- 确保您已经安装了Alibaba Cloud SDK for Python。
- 下载阿里云专有网络Python SDK场景示例的VPC Python Example库。 进入setup.py所在的目录,执行以下命令,完成环境初始化配置。
python setup.py install
背景信息
本文代码示例中包含以下操作:- 在华东1(杭州)地域创建负载均衡实例。
- 在华东1(杭州)地域创建EIP。
- 将EIP绑定到负载均衡实例。
- 将EIP与负载均衡实例解绑。
- 将解绑后的EIP绑定到弹性网卡。
- 将EIP与弹性网卡解绑。
- 删除负载均衡实例。
操作步骤
- 在下载的SDK目录中,打开$aliyun-openapi-python-sdk-examples\sdk_examples\examples\eip文件夹。
- 使用编辑器打开eip_associate_slb.py文件,根据实际情况配置相关参数,保存退出。完整代码示例如下:
#encoding=utf-8 import sys import json from alibabacloud_credentials.client import Client as CredClient from aliyunsdkcore.acs_exception.exceptions import ServerException, ClientException from aliyunsdkvpc.request.v20160428 import AllocateEipAddressRequest from aliyunsdkvpc.request.v20160428 import AssociateEipAddressRequest from aliyunsdkvpc.request.v20160428 import DescribeEipAddressesRequest from aliyunsdkvpc.request.v20160428 import UnassociateEipAddressRequest from aliyunsdkvpc.request.v20160428 import ModifyEipAddressAttributeRequest from aliyunsdkvpc.request.v20160428 import ReleaseEipAddressRequest from sdk_lib.exception import ExceptionHandler from sdk_lib.check_status import CheckStatus from sdk_lib.consts import * from sdk_lib.common_util import CommonUtil from sdk_lib.sdk_load_balancer import LoadBalancer """ 创建VPC->创建VSWITCH->调用ECS API生成 ENI(这几步不在以下代码中) 创建负载均衡->创建EIP->绑定EIP到SLB->解绑EIP->绑定EIP到ENI->解绑EIP->删除负载均衡 """ class Eip(object): def __init__(self, client): self.client = client def allocate_eip_address(self, params): """ allocate_eip_address: 申请弹性公网IP(EIP) """ try: request = AllocateEipAddressRequest.AllocateEipAddressRequest() response = self.client.do_action_with_exception(request) response_json = json.loads(response) if CheckStatus.check_status(TIME_DEFAULT_OUT, DEFAULT_TIME, self.describe_eip_status, AVAILABLE, response_json["AllocationId"]): return response_json except ServerException as e: ExceptionHandler.server_exception(e) except ClientException as e: ExceptionHandler.client_exception(e) def associate_eip_address(self, params): """ associate_eip_address: 将EIP绑定到同地域的云产品实例上 """ try: request = AssociateEipAddressRequest.AssociateEipAddressRequest() # EIP的ID request.set_AllocationId(params['allocation_id']) # 要绑定的云产品实例的类型 request.set_InstanceType(params['instance_type']) # 要绑定的实例ID request.set_InstanceId(params['instance_id']) response = self.client.do_action_with_exception(request) response_json = json.loads(response) if CheckStatus.check_status(TIME_DEFAULT_OUT, DEFAULT_TIME, self.describe_eip_status, InUse, params['allocation_id']): return response_json except ServerException as e: ExceptionHandler.server_exception(e) except ClientException as e: ExceptionHandler.client_exception(e) def describe_eip_address(self, allocation_id): """ describe_eip_status: 查询指定地域已创建的EIP """ try: request = DescribeEipAddressesRequest.DescribeEipAddressesRequest() # EIP的ID request.set_AllocationId(allocation_id) response = self.client.do_action_with_exception(request) response_json = json.loads(response) return response_json except ServerException as e: ExceptionHandler.server_exception(e) except ClientException as e: ExceptionHandler.client_exception(e) def describe_eip_status(self, allocation_id): """ describe_eip_status: 查询指定地域已创建的EIP的状态 """ # EIP的ID response = self.describe_eip_address(allocation_id) return response["EipAddresses"]["EipAddress"][0]["Status"] def unassociate_eip_address(self, params): """ unassociate_eip_address: 将EIP从绑定的云资源上解绑 """ try: request = UnassociateEipAddressRequest.UnassociateEipAddressRequest() # EIP的ID request.set_AllocationId(params['allocation_id']) # 要解绑的资源类型 request.set_InstanceType(params['instance_type']) # 要解绑的云产品的实例ID request.set_InstanceId(params['instance_id']) response = self.client.do_action_with_exception(request) response_json = json.loads(response) if CheckStatus.check_status(TIME_DEFAULT_OUT, DEFAULT_TIME, self.describe_eip_status, AVAILABLE, params['allocation_id']): return response_json return response_json except ServerException as e: ExceptionHandler.server_exception(e) except ClientException as e: ExceptionHandler.client_exception(e) def modify_eip_address(self, params): """ modify_eip_address: 修改指定EIP的名称、描述信息和带宽峰值 """ try: request = ModifyEipAddressAttributeRequest.ModifyEipAddressAttributeRequest() # EIP的ID request.set_AllocationId(params['allocation_id']) # EIP的带宽峰值,单位为Mbps request.set_Bandwidth(params['bandwidth']) # EIP的名称 request.set_Name(params['name']) response = self.client.do_action_with_exception(request) response_json = json.loads(response) return response_json except ServerException as e: ExceptionHandler.server_exception(e) except ClientException as e: ExceptionHandler.client_exception(e) def release_eip_address(self, params): """ release_eip_address: 释放指定的EIP """ try: request = ReleaseEipAddressRequest.ReleaseEipAddressRequest() # 要释放的EIP的ID request.set_AllocationId(params['allocation_id']) response = self.client.do_action_with_exception(request) response_json = json.loads(response) return response_json except ServerException as e: ExceptionHandler.server_exception(e) except ClientException as e: ExceptionHandler.client_exception(e) def main(): # 阿里云账号AccessKey拥有所有API的访问权限,建议您使用RAM用户进行API访问或日常运维。 # 强烈建议不要把AccessKey ID和AccessKey Secret保存到工程代码里,否则可能导致AccessKey泄露,威胁您账号下所有资源的安全。 # 本示例通过阿里云Credentials工具从环境变量中读取AccessKey,来实现API访问的身份验证。如何配置环境变量,请参见https://help.aliyun.com/document_detail/378659.html。 cred = CredClient() access_key_id = cred.get_access_key_id() access_key_secret = cred.get_access_key_secret() # 创建AcsClient实例 client = AcsClient(access_key_id, access_key_secret, '<your-region-id>') eip = Eip(client) load_balancer = LoadBalancer(client) #创建VPC, 创建VSWITCH, 以及调用ECS API生成 ENI params = {} params['vpc_id'] = VPC_ID params['vswitch_id'] = VSWITCH_ID #创建负载均衡 load_balancer_repsonse_json = load_balancer.create_load_balancer(params) CommonUtil.log("create_load_balancer", load_balancer_repsonse_json) # 创建EIP params['load_balancer_id'] = load_balancer_repsonse_json['LoadBalancerId'] params['instance_id'] = load_balancer_repsonse_json['LoadBalancerId'] eip_response_json = eip.allocate_eip_address(params) CommonUtil.log("allocate_eip_address slb", eip_response_json) # 绑定EIP到SLB params['allocation_id'] = eip_response_json["AllocationId"] params['instance_type'] = 'SlbInstance' eip_response_json = eip.associate_eip_address(params) CommonUtil.log("associate_eip_address eip", eip_response_json) # 解绑EIP eip_response_json = eip.unassociate_eip_address(params) CommonUtil.log("unassociate_eip_address slb", eip_response_json) # 绑定EIP到ENI params['instance_id'] = ENI_ID params['instance_type'] = 'NetworkInterface' eip_response_json = eip.associate_eip_address(params) CommonUtil.log("associate_eip_address eni", eip_response_json) # 解绑EIP eip_response_json = eip.unassociate_eip_address(params) CommonUtil.log("unassociate_eip_address eni", eip_response_json) # 删除负载均衡实例 load_balancer_repsonse_json = load_balancer.delete_load_balancer(params) CommonUtil.log("delete_load_balancer", load_balancer_repsonse_json) if __name__ == '__main__': sys.exit(main())
- 进入eip_associate_slb.py所在的目录,执行以下命令,实现EIP绑定负载均衡实例和弹性网卡。
Python eip_associate_slb.py
执行结果
系统回显结果如下:
---------------------------create_load_balancer---------------------------
{
"VpcId": "vpc-bp15opprpg0rg****",
"AddressIPVersion": "ipv4",
"LoadBalancerName": "auto_named_slb",
"ResourceGroupId": "rg-acfm4od****",
"VSwitchId": "vsw-bp1e67w26n2sj****",
"RequestId": "D3651A96-008C-4B35-A36E-54C2902535C5",
"Address": "172.XX.XX.146",
"NetworkType": "vpc",
"LoadBalancerId": "lb-bp15u6kumammd****"
}
---------------------------allocate_eip_address slb---------------------------
{
"EipAddress": "47.XX.XX.76",
"ResourceGroupId": "rg-acfm4od****",
"RequestId": "15FD58CD-B186-4E2C-B4B3-74F712168832",
"AllocationId": "eip-bp1ofhmmep6rk****"
}
---------------------------associate_eip_address eip---------------------------
{
"RequestId": "5EDABF0B-A067-474E-9556-0A3AA870960A"
}
---------------------------unassociate_eip_address slb--------------------------
-
{
"RequestId": "89556510-D726-490A-9092-9BEA0644CC43"
}
---------------------------associate_eip_address eni---------------------------
{
"RequestId": "FAE87FDD-232A-4859-803B-F9B57508AEDC"
}
---------------------------unassociate_eip_address eni--------------------------
-
{
"RequestId": "7DF556E8-12BE-481A-B83D-B3D9E8836534"
}
---------------------------delete_load_balancer---------------------------
{
"RequestId": "2B70C01A-A440-40A5-A98B-83A687537CCE"
}